CONVEYOR PRODUCTION OF FODDER ON SALINE LANDS

Abstract

In arid ecosystems, soil salinity is the main factor determining the growth and development of crops under irrigation. After the development of saline lands for a long time (more than 50 years), the inefficiency of their improvement by washing salts against the background of collector-drainage systems was established, and in this regard, the main direction of struggle in modern conditions remains to be the selection of salt-resistant crops on dispersed developed small plots (40-100 hectares) among lands not used for irrigation, with a utilization factor (CI) of no more than 0.4. Non-irrigated areas in this case serve as a zone of aeration and accumulation of mineralized waters flowing from neighboring irrigated areas. This is how the positive balance of the salt regime of soils in the upper (0-70 cm) soil horizons is maintained to an average degree. And through the selection of crops that combine high salt resistance with high productivity, it is possible to develop medium-saline soils for irrigated cultural pastures. Conducted long-term experiments with a large set of crops under irrigation, differing in the degree of salinity, confirmed the high efficiency of the development of saline lands for irrigated cultural pasture. Of the selected crops, donnikas and alfalfa distinguished themselves by high salt resistance and climatically determined productivity, which provide stable high productivity, respectively, from 460.6 to 420.4 c/ha of pasture mass.